Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation

Search Page

Filters

My Custom Filters

Edit custom filters

Results by year

Table representation of search results timeline featuring number of search results per year.

Year Number of Results
1982 1
1983 1
1993 1
1995 6
1996 3
1997 8
1998 8
1999 3
2000 6
2001 8
2002 9
2003 15
2004 8
2005 23
2006 20
2007 28
2008 29
2009 25
2010 32
2011 34
2012 44
2013 56
2014 73
2015 75
2016 100
2017 106
2018 157
2019 219
2020 315
2021 406
2022 430
2023 484
2024 589
2025 674
2026 229

Publication date

Text availability

Article attribute

Article type

Additional filters

Article Language

Species

Sex

Age

Other

Search Results

3,633 results

Results by year

Filters applied: . Clear all
Page 1
Application of Virtual and Augmented Reality Technology in Hip Surgery: Systematic Review.
Sun P, Zhao Y, Men J, Ma ZR, Jiang HZ, Liu CY, Feng W. Sun P, et al. J Med Internet Res. 2023 Mar 10;25:e37599. doi: 10.2196/37599. J Med Internet Res. 2023. PMID: 36651587 Free PMC article.
BACKGROUND: Virtual and augmented reality (VAR) represents a combination of current state-of-the-art computer and imaging technologies and has the potential to be a revolutionary technology in many surgical fields. ...OBJECTIVE: With the aim of reviewing the …
BACKGROUND: Virtual and augmented reality (VAR) represents a combination of current state-of-the-art computer and imaging tech …
Augmented reality in spine surgery - past, present, and future.
Azad TD, Warman A, Tracz JA, Hughes LP, Judy BF, Witham TF. Azad TD, et al. Spine J. 2024 Jan;24(1):1-13. doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2023.08.015. Epub 2023 Sep 1. Spine J. 2024. PMID: 37660893 Review.
BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Augmented reality (AR) is increasingly recognized as a valuable tool in spine surgery. Here we provides an overview of the key developments and technological milestones that have laid the foundation for AR applications in this field. ...Ad …
BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Augmented reality (AR) is increasingly recognized as a valuable tool in spine surgery. Here we prov …
Augmented Reality in Spine Surgery.
Wilson BR, Wang TY, O'Toole J. Wilson BR, et al. Neurosurgery. 2025 Mar 1;96(3S):S103-S110. doi: 10.1227/neu.0000000000003343. Epub 2025 Feb 14. Neurosurgery. 2025. PMID: 39950790 Review.
Augmented reality (AR) is a technology that allows digital information to be superimposed onto a user's view of the real world, thereby enhancing the user's experience of a given real-world scenario. ...For spine surgeons in particular, AR has begun to emerge as a p …
Augmented reality (AR) is a technology that allows digital information to be superimposed onto a user's view of the real world …
Augmented Reality in Hallux Valgus Surgery.
Viehöfer AF, Wirth SH. Viehöfer AF, et al. Foot Ankle Clin. 2025 Jun;30(2):343-348. doi: 10.1016/j.fcl.2024.04.011. Epub 2024 Jun 15. Foot Ankle Clin. 2025. PMID: 40348466 Review.
Augmented reality is a promising technology with potential benefit in simplifying visualization and increased accuracy in orthopedic surgery. In hallux valgus surgery, an in vitro study suggests that augmented reality especially helps une …
Augmented reality is a promising technology with potential benefit in simplifying visualization and increased accuracy in orth …
Augmented reality navigation in spine surgery: a systematic review.
Burström G, Persson O, Edström E, Elmi-Terander A. Burström G, et al. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2021 Mar;163(3):843-852. doi: 10.1007/s00701-021-04708-3. Epub 2021 Jan 28. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2021. PMID: 33506289 Free PMC article.
AR navigation could potentially alleviate some of these concerns while retaining the benefits of navigated spine surgery. The objective of this study is to summarize the current evidence for using augmented reality (AR) navigation in spine surgery. ... …
AR navigation could potentially alleviate some of these concerns while retaining the benefits of navigated spine surgery. The objecti …
Extended and augmented reality in vascular surgery: Opportunities and challenges.
Lareyre F, Mialhe C, Nasr B, Poggi E, Lorenzo GD, Rajhi K, Chaudhuri A, Raffort J. Lareyre F, et al. Semin Vasc Surg. 2024 Sep;37(3):321-325. doi: 10.1053/j.semvascsurg.2024.07.003. Epub 2024 Jul 25. Semin Vasc Surg. 2024. PMID: 39277348 Review.
Extended reality has brought new opportunities for medical imaging visualization and analysis. It regroups various subfields, including virtual reality, augmented reality, and mixed reality. Various applications have been proposed for surgica …
Extended reality has brought new opportunities for medical imaging visualization and analysis. It regroups various subfields, includi …
Spine Surgery Assisted by Augmented Reality: Where Have We Been?
Liu Y, Lee MG, Kim JS. Liu Y, et al. Yonsei Med J. 2022 Apr;63(4):305-316. doi: 10.3349/ymj.2022.63.4.305. Yonsei Med J. 2022. PMID: 35352881 Free PMC article.
This present systematic review examines spine surgery literature supporting augmented reality (AR) technology and summarizes its current status in spinal surgery technology. ...A total of 45 articles are included in our review. The most prevalent su …
This present systematic review examines spine surgery literature supporting augmented reality (AR) technology and summa …
Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality in Spine Surgery: A Comprehensive Review.
Judy BF, Menta A, Pak HL, Azad TD, Witham TF. Judy BF, et al. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 2024 Apr;35(2):207-216. doi: 10.1016/j.nec.2023.11.010. Epub 2023 Dec 22. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 2024. PMID: 38423736 Review.
Augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) are powerful technologies with proven utility and tremendous potential. Spine surgery, in particular, may benefit from these developing technologies for resident training, preoperative education for patie …
Augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) are powerful technologies with proven utility and tremendous potential. …
Virtual, augmented, and mixed reality applications in orthopedic surgery.
Verhey JT, Haglin JM, Verhey EM, Hartigan DE. Verhey JT, et al. Int J Med Robot. 2020 Apr;16(2):e2067. doi: 10.1002/rcs.2067. Epub 2020 Feb 6. Int J Med Robot. 2020. PMID: 31867864 Review.
BACKGROUND: Innovation in computer-assisted surgery (CAS) aims to increase operative accuracy and improve safety by decreasing procedure-related complications. ...METHODS: For this review, relevant published reports were found via searches of Medline (PubMed) data b …
BACKGROUND: Innovation in computer-assisted surgery (CAS) aims to increase operative accuracy and improve safety by decreasing …
Augmented Reality in Minimally Invasive Spinal Surgery: A Narrative Review of Available Technology.
Pierzchajlo N, Stevenson TC, Huynh H, Nguyen J, Boatright S, Arya P, Chakravarti S, Mehrki Y, Brown NJ, Gendreau J, Lee SJ, Chen SG. Pierzchajlo N, et al. World Neurosurg. 2023 Aug;176:35-42. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.04.030. Epub 2023 Apr 12. World Neurosurg. 2023. PMID: 37059357 Free article. Review.
Augmented reality (AR) has now emerged as a front-runner in anatomical visualization and narrower operative corridors. In effect, AR is poised to revolutionize surgical training and operative outcomes. Our study examines the current literature o …
Augmented reality (AR) has now emerged as a front-runner in anatomical visualization and narrower operative corridors. …
3,633 results