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The role of gluten challenge in the diagnosis of celiac disease: a review.
Popp A, Laurikka P, Czika D, Kurppa K. Popp A, et al. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2023 Jul-Dec;17(7):691-700. doi: 10.1080/17474124.2023.2219893. Epub 2023 May 30. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2023. PMID: 37243608 Review.
INTRODUCTION: Duodenal biopsy is the gold standard in the diagnosis of celiac disease, with increasing utilization of serology. A gluten challenge may be required, for example, when dietary gluten reduction precedes appropriate diagnostic evaluations. …
INTRODUCTION: Duodenal biopsy is the gold standard in the diagnosis of celiac disease, with increasing utilization of serology. A …
The global burden of coeliac disease: opportunities and challenges.
Makharia GK, Singh P, Catassi C, Sanders DS, Leffler D, Ali RAR, Bai JC. Makharia GK, et al. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2022 May;19(5):313-327. doi: 10.1038/s41575-021-00552-z. Epub 2022 Jan 3. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2022. PMID: 34980921 Review.
Coeliac disease is a systemic disorder characterized by immune-mediated enteropathy, which is caused by gluten ingestion in genetically susceptible individuals. ...However, these challenges in the diagnosis and management of coeliac disease suggest opp
Coeliac disease is a systemic disorder characterized by immune-mediated enteropathy, which is caused by gluten ingestion in ge
Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity in the Context of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders.
Barbaro MR, Cremon C, Wrona D, Fuschi D, Marasco G, Stanghellini V, Barbara G. Barbaro MR, et al. Nutrients. 2020 Dec 4;12(12):3735. doi: 10.3390/nu12123735. Nutrients. 2020. PMID: 33291590 Free PMC article. Review.
Gluten-free diets are increasingly chosen in the Western world, even in the absence of a diagnosis of celiac disease. ...The diagnosis is largely based on the self-reported reaction to gluten by the patient, as there are no available biomarkers, and confirmat
Gluten-free diets are increasingly chosen in the Western world, even in the absence of a diagnosis of celiac disease. ...The d
Recent advances in understanding non-celiac gluten sensitivity.
Barbaro MR, Cremon C, Stanghellini V, Barbara G. Barbaro MR, et al. F1000Res. 2018 Oct 11;7:F1000 Faculty Rev-1631. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.15849.1. eCollection 2018. F1000Res. 2018. PMID: 30363819 Free PMC article. Review.
Non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) is a condition characterized by intestinal and extra-intestinal symptoms related to the ingestion of gluten-containing foods in the absence of celiac disease and wheat allergy. The diagnosis is cumbersome and curren …
Non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) is a condition characterized by intestinal and extra-intestinal symptoms related to the i …
Gastrointestinal and Extraintestinal Symptoms Among Subjects With Celiac Disease Undergoing a Dose-Specified Gluten Challenge: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Banegas M, Flores-Marin D, Naskar N, Correa TL, Rotman C, Regis S, Simpson A, Chang D, Silvester J, Therrien A. Banegas M, et al. Am J Gastroenterol. 2026 Feb 1;121(2):501-516. doi: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000003506. Epub 2025 Apr 29. Am J Gastroenterol. 2026. PMID: 40298233 Free PMC article.
INTRODUCTION: Celiac disease (CeD) is an immune-mediated enteropathy driven by gluten ingestion. Gluten challenges (GC) are commonly used to evaluate novel therapeutics and CeD mechanisms, but their associated symptom burden has not been well character …
INTRODUCTION: Celiac disease (CeD) is an immune-mediated enteropathy driven by gluten ingestion. Gluten challenges
Celiac Disease: Diagnosis.
Byrne G, Feighery CF. Byrne G, et al. Methods Mol Biol. 2015;1326:15-22. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-2839-2_2. Methods Mol Biol. 2015. PMID: 26498608 Review.
Furthermore the related gluten-sensitive disease dermatitis herpetiformis, while distinct in some respects, shares clinical and serological features with celiac disease. Here we summarize current best practice for the diagnosis of celiac disease and briefly d …
Furthermore the related gluten-sensitive disease dermatitis herpetiformis, while distinct in some respects, shares clinical and serol …
Diagnosis of celiac disease on a gluten-free diet: a multicenter prospective quasi-experimental clinical study.
Gómez-Aguililla S, Farrais S, López-Palacios N, Arau B, Senosiain C, Corzo M, Fernandez-Jimenez N, Ruiz-Carnicer Á, Fernández-Bañares F, González-García BP, Tristán E, Montero-Calle A, Garranzo-Asensio M, Casado I, Pujals M, Hernández JM, Infante-Menéndez J, Roy G, Sousa C, Núñez C. Gómez-Aguililla S, et al. BMC Med. 2025 Mar 26;23(1):182. doi: 10.1186/s12916-025-04008-y. BMC Med. 2025. PMID: 40140887 Free PMC article.
BACKGROUND: Diagnosing celiac disease (CD) in individuals adhering to a gluten-free diet (GFD) presents significant challenges. Current guidelines recommend a gluten challenge (GC) lasting at least 6-8 weeks, which has several limitations. Our a …
BACKGROUND: Diagnosing celiac disease (CD) in individuals adhering to a gluten-free diet (GFD) presents significant challen
Diagnosis of Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity (NCGS): The Salerno Experts' Criteria.
Catassi C, Elli L, Bonaz B, Bouma G, Carroccio A, Castillejo G, Cellier C, Cristofori F, de Magistris L, Dolinsek J, Dieterich W, Francavilla R, Hadjivassiliou M, Holtmeier W, Körner U, Leffler DA, Lundin KE, Mazzarella G, Mulder CJ, Pellegrini N, Rostami K, Sanders D, Skodje GI, Schuppan D, Ullrich R, Volta U, Williams M, Zevallos VF, Zopf Y, Fasano A. Catassi C, et al. Nutrients. 2015 Jun 18;7(6):4966-77. doi: 10.3390/nu7064966. Nutrients. 2015. PMID: 26096570 Free PMC article.
Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity (NCGS) is a syndrome characterized by intestinal and extra-intestinal symptoms related to the ingestion of gluten-containing food, in subjects that are not affected by either celiac disease or wheat allergy. ...In this pap …
Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity (NCGS) is a syndrome characterized by intestinal and extra-intestinal symptoms related to the in …
How to diagnose coeliac disease in 2026?
Manza F, Sammartino C, Nandi N, Markogiannopoulou A, Lungaro L, Shiha MG. Manza F, et al. Minerva Gastroenterol (Torino). 2026 Mar;72(1):60-74. doi: 10.23736/S2724-5985.25.04052-5. Epub 2026 Jan 30. Minerva Gastroenterol (Torino). 2026. PMID: 41614975 Free article. Review.
Coeliac disease (CD) is a chronic, immune-mediated enteropathy triggered by gluten ingestion in genetically predisposed individuals carrying HLA-DQ2 and/or -DQ8 alleles. ...However, evidence is emerging and not yet definitive, and its implementation remains limited.
Coeliac disease (CD) is a chronic, immune-mediated enteropathy triggered by gluten ingestion in genetically predisposed indivi
Immune therapies in coeliac disease and food allergies: Advances, challenges, and opportunities.
Campbell DE, Mehr S, Moscatelli OG, Anderson RP, Tye-Din JA. Campbell DE, et al. Semin Immunol. 2025 Jun;78:101960. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2025.101960. Epub 2025 Apr 23. Semin Immunol. 2025. PMID: 40273881 Free article. Review.
However, the induction of sustained tolerance remains challenging. In contrast, therapeutic advancements for coeliac disease are still in their early stages. ...Emerging therapies, including JAK and BTK inhibitors and microbiome-targeted interventions, support furth …
However, the induction of sustained tolerance remains challenging. In contrast, therapeutic advancements for coeliac disease a …
44 results