A Design Pattern for Decentralised Decision Making

PLoS One. 2015 Oct 23;10(10):e0140950. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140950. eCollection 2015.

Abstract

The engineering of large-scale decentralised systems requires sound methodologies to guarantee the attainment of the desired macroscopic system-level behaviour given the microscopic individual-level implementation. While a general-purpose methodology is currently out of reach, specific solutions can be given to broad classes of problems by means of well-conceived design patterns. We propose a design pattern for collective decision making grounded on experimental/theoretical studies of the nest-site selection behaviour observed in honeybee swarms (Apis mellifera). The way in which honeybee swarms arrive at consensus is fairly well-understood at the macroscopic level. We provide formal guidelines for the microscopic implementation of collective decisions to quantitatively match the macroscopic predictions. We discuss implementation strategies based on both homogeneous and heterogeneous multiagent systems, and we provide means to deal with spatial and topological factors that have a bearing on the micro-macro link. Finally, we exploit the design pattern in two case studies that showcase the viability of the approach. Besides engineering, such a design pattern can prove useful for a deeper understanding of decision making in natural systems thanks to the inclusion of individual heterogeneities and spatial factors, which are often disregarded in theoretical modelling.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Bees / physiology*
  • Choice Behavior / physiology*
  • Decision Making*
  • Ergonomics
  • Humans
  • Models, Statistical*
  • Nesting Behavior / physiology

Grants and funding

The research presented in this paper has been supported by the European Research Council (ERC) Advanced Grant "E-SWARM: Engineering Swarm Intelligence Systems" awarded to MD (contract 246939, http://www.e-swarm.org) and by the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Career Integration Grant "DICE: Distributed Cognition Engineering" awarded to VT (contract 631297, http://laral.istc.cnr.it/dice-project). MD acknowledges support from the Belgian "Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique - FNRS" (http://www.frs-fnrs.be/). CFO acknowledges support from Becas Chile (http://www.mineduc.cl/index.php?id_portal=60).