Acyloxymethyl as a drug protecting group. Part 6: N-acyloxymethyl- and N-[(aminocarbonyloxy)methyl]sulfonamides as prodrugs of agents containing a secondary sulfonamide group

Bioorg Med Chem. 2000 Apr;8(4):707-16. doi: 10.1016/s0968-0896(00)00015-8.

Abstract

Tertiary N-acyloxymethyl- and N-[(aminocarbonyloxy)methyl]sulfonamides were synthesised and evaluated as novel classes of potential prodrugs of agents containing a secondary sulfonamide group. The chemical and plasma hydrolyses of the title compounds were studied by HPLC. Tertiary N-acyloxymethylsulfonamides are slowly and quantitatively hydrolysed to the parent sulfonamide in pH 7.4 phosphate buffer, with half-lives ranging from 20 h, for 7d, to 30 days, for 7g. Quantitative formation of the parent sulfonamide also occurs in human plasma, the half-lives being within 0.2-2.0 min for some substrates. The rapid rate of hydrolysis can be ascribed to plasma cholinesterase, as indicated by the complete inhibition observed at [eserine] = 0.10 mM. These results suggest that tertiary N-acyloxymethylsulfonamides are potentially useful prodrugs for agents containing a secondary sulfonamide group, especially with pKa < 8, combining a high stability in aqueous media with a high rate of plasma activation. In contrast, N-[(aminocarbonyloxy)methyl]sulfonamides 7h-j do not liberate the parent sulfonamide either in aqueous buffers or in human plasma and thus appear to be unsuitable for development as sulfonamide prodrugs.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Biotransformation
  • Catalysis
  • Half-Life
  • Humans
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Hydrolysis
  • Kinetics
  • Molecular Structure
  • Prodrugs / chemistry*
  • Prodrugs / pharmacokinetics
  • Sulfonamides / blood
  • Sulfonamides / chemistry*
  • Sulfonamides / pharmacokinetics

Substances

  • Prodrugs
  • Sulfonamides