The proapoptotic protein Bad binds the amphipathic groove of 14-3-3zeta

Biochim Biophys Acta. 2001 Jun 11;1547(2):313-9. doi: 10.1016/s0167-4838(01)00202-3.

Abstract

Through interaction with a multitude of target proteins, 14-3-3 proteins participate in the regulation of diverse cellular processes including apoptosis. These 14-3-3-interacting proteins include a proapoptotic Bcl-2 homolog, Bad (Bcl-2/Bcl-XL-associated death promoter). To understand how 14-3-3 interacts with Bad and modulates its function, we have identified structural elements of 14-3-3 necessary for 14-3-3/Bad association. 14-3-3 contains a conserved amphipathic groove that is required for binding to several of its ligands. We used peptides of known binding specificity as competitors to demonstrate that Bad interacts with 14-3-3zeta via its amphipathic groove. More detailed analysis revealed that several conserved residues in the groove, including Lys-49, Val-176, and Leu-220, were critical for Bad interaction. These results were applied to investigations of the ability of 14-3-3 to prevent Bad-induced cell death. When co-expressed with Akt, wild-type 14-3-3 could reduce the ability of Bad to cause death, however 14-3-3zetaK49E, which cannot bind Bad, failed to inhibit Bad. It seems that the amphipathic groove of 14-3-3 represents a general binding site for multiple ligands, raising issues related to competition of ligands for 14-3-3.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • 14-3-3 Proteins
  • Apoptosis*
  • Binding Sites
  • Binding, Competitive
  • Carrier Proteins / genetics
  • Carrier Proteins / metabolism*
  • Cell Line
  • Humans
  • Mutation
  • Phosphopeptides / metabolism
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / metabolism*
  • Signal Transduction
  • Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase / genetics
  • Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase / metabolism*
  • bcl-Associated Death Protein
  • bcl-X Protein

Substances

  • 14-3-3 Proteins
  • BAD protein, human
  • BCL2L1 protein, human
  • Carrier Proteins
  • Phosphopeptides
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2
  • bcl-Associated Death Protein
  • bcl-X Protein
  • Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase