Abstract
S100 beta is a calcium-binding protein with neurotrophic and mitogenic activities, both of which may be mediated by the protein's ability to stimulate an increase in intracellular free calcium ([Ca2+]i). These extracellular trophic activities of S100 beta require a disulfide-linked, dimeric form of the protein. In this chapter, we present a minireview on the current state of knowledge concerning extracellular functions of S100 beta, with emphasis on the potential relevance of these activities to neuropathological disorders. We also report a simplified procedure for preparation of pharmacological amounts of biologically active S100 beta dimers, based on the finding that formation of disulfide-linked S100 beta dimers can be stimulated by the presence of calcium or lipid.
Publication types
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
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Review
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Calcium / pharmacology
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Calcium-Binding Proteins / chemistry*
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Calcium-Binding Proteins / isolation & purification
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Calcium-Binding Proteins / physiology
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Central Nervous System Diseases / metabolism
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Disulfides / analysis*
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Humans
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Lipids / pharmacology
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Nerve Growth Factors / chemistry*
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Nerve Growth Factors / isolation & purification
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Nerve Growth Factors / physiology
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Recombinant Proteins / isolation & purification
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S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit
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S100 Proteins / chemistry*
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S100 Proteins / isolation & purification
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S100 Proteins / physiology
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Signal Transduction*
Substances
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Calcium-Binding Proteins
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Disulfides
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Lipids
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Nerve Growth Factors
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Recombinant Proteins
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S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit
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S100 Proteins
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S100B protein, human
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Calcium