The present study is the first attempt to make comparisons of the visual response properties between tectal and thalamic neurons with spatially overlapping receptive fields by using extracellular recording and computer mapping techniques. The results show that in neuronal pairs about 70% of thalamic cells have excitatory receptive field alone, whereas 85% of tectal cells possess an excitatory receptive field surrounded by an inhibitory receptive field. In 70% of pairs the tectal cells are selective for direction of motion different from that which the thalamic cells prefer. Most thalamic cells prefer high speeds (80-160 degrees/s), whereas tectal cells prefer intermediate (40 degrees/s) or low (10-20 degrees/s) speeds. Photergic and scotergic cells exist in the thalamus but not in the tectum. These results provide evidence that tectal and thalamic cells extract different visual information from the same region of the visual field. The functional significance of these differences is discussed.