Between 1970 and 1990, a total of 2,189 patients with gastric cancer underwent resection in the First Department of Surgery, Kurume University Hospital. Of these, 54 patients had previously undergone a partial gastrectomy. The time interval between the initial partial gastrectomy and the resection of the remnant-stump gastric cancer was more than 10 years in 25 patients and less than 10 years in 29 patients. Those with a time interval of more than 10 years we have termed remnant-stump cancer. The original pathology was a gastric ulcer in 13, a duodenal ulcer in 5, a gastric polyp in 1, and a gastric cancer in 6 patients. Of the 19 patients that had undergone an initial operation for benign disease (Group 1), 15 (79%) patients had received initial reconstruction by B-II and 4 (21%) by B-I. On the other hand, of the 6 patients with an initial operation for gastric cancer (Group 2), 3 (50%) had undergone reconstruction by B-I and the other 3 (50%) had received a B-II procedure. Twenty-three of 25 (92%) remnant-stump gastric cancers underwent total gastrectomy, while the other 2 (8%) were early remnant-stump cancers in the stoma and underwent partial gastrectomy. In group 1, only 5 out of 19 (26.3%) patients are alive, while in group 2 all 6 patients are alive, including the 2 (33.3%) early-stage cancers that were found through periodical endoscopic follow-up examinations.