Background: Hypertriglyceridemia is often associated with elevated remnants, small dense LDL and decreased HDL-cholesterol (C). The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of bezafibrate on lipoprotein subfractions profile and inflammation markers in patients with hypertriglyceridemia.
Methods: Twenty-four hypertriglyceridemic subjects took bezafibrate, 400 mg daily, for 4 weeks. Lipoprotein subclasses were measured by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Inflammation markers including C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) were also determined.
Results: Bezafibrate lowered triglyceride (TG) by 59% and increased HDL-C by 20%. NMR analysis revealed that bezafibrate lowered large TG-rich lipoproteins and IDL by 81% and 46%, respectively. Small LDL was selectively decreased by 53% with increase in large to intermediate LDL, thus altering the LDL distribution towards the larger particles (mean diameter 19.9 to 20.7 nm, p = 0.0001). Small (HDL1) and intermediate (HDL3) HDL significantly increased by 168% and 70%, whereby resulting in a significant reduction of the mean HDL particle size from 9.0 to 8.7 nm (p = 0.026). None of inflammation makers showed significant change by bezafibrate.
Conclusions: Bezafibrate effectively ameliorates atherogenic dyslipidemia by reducing remnants and small LDL as well as by increasing HDL particles in hypertriglyceridemic subjects.