Chemoradiation is a tolerable therapy for older adults with esophageal cancer

Anticancer Res. 2005 Jul-Aug;25(4):3055-60.

Abstract

Introduction: Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EC) is increasing in incidence. Chemoradiation (CRT) is regarded as an acceptable alternative to surgery for the management of locally advanced EC. Ten-20% of EC patients are over the age of 75 years. There are limited data regarding efficacy and tolerability of CRT for the treatment of EC in the elderly.

Patients and methods: We retrospectively reviewed EC cases > or = 70 years of age treated with CRT at a single institution. Clinical data, regarding therapy administered and outcome, were obtained from records. Clinical prognostic variables were analyzed against survival in a univariate model using the log rank test and in a multivariate model using Cox proportional hazards analysis.

Results: Thirty consecutive patient records were identified. Commonly used chemotherapy agents included 5-fluorouracil, cisplatin, paclitaxel and oxaliplatin. There was no significant correlation between age and survival. The dose of chemotherapy or radiation was unrelated to any of the toxicities (p-values > 0.16). The most common grade 3 or 4 toxicities were dehydration, hypotension, mucositis and pneumonitis. On multivariate analysis, adenocarcinoma histology (p = 0.0094) and higher radiation dose (p = 0.0158) were associated with improved survival. The median survival of the patients was 10 months.

Conclusion: CRT was tolerable for older patients with EC. Close monitoring for dehydration, nutritional compromise and pulmonary toxicity is required.

MeSH terms

  • Adenocarcinoma / drug therapy*
  • Adenocarcinoma / radiotherapy*
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / drug therapy*
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / radiotherapy*
  • Cisplatin / administration & dosage
  • Combined Modality Therapy
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / radiotherapy*
  • Female
  • Fluorouracil / administration & dosage
  • Fluorouracil / therapeutic use
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Organoplatinum Compounds / administration & dosage
  • Oxaliplatin
  • Paclitaxel / therapeutic use
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Survival Rate

Substances

  • Organoplatinum Compounds
  • Oxaliplatin
  • Paclitaxel
  • Cisplatin
  • Fluorouracil