Several studies have suggested that acid-sensing ion channel 2 (ASIC2) plays a role in mechanoperception and acid sensing in the peripheral nervous system. We examined the expression and distribution of ASIC2 in the rat dorsal root ganglion, the co-localization of ASIC2 with tropomyosin-related kinase (trk) receptors, and the effects of axotomy on ASIC2 expression. ASIC2 immunoreactivity was observed in both neurons and satellite cells. ASIC2-positive neurons accounted for 16.5 +/- 2.4% of the total neurons in normal dorsal root ganglion. Most ASIC2-positive neurons were medium-to-large neurons and were labeled with neurofilament 200 kD (NF200). Within these neurons, ASIC2 was not evenly distributed throughout the cytoplasm, but rather was accumulated prominently in the cytoplasm adjacent to the axon hillock and axonal process. We next examined the co-localization of ASIC2 with trk receptors. trkA was expressed in few ASIC2-positive neurons, and trkB and trkC were observed in 85.2% and 53.4% of ASIC2-positive neurons, respectively, while only 6.9% of ASIC2-positive neurons were co-localized with trkC alone. Peripheral axotomy markedly reduced ASIC2 expression in the axotomized dorsal root ganglion neurons. On the other hand, intense ASIC2 staining was observed in satellite cells. These results show that ASIC2 is expressed in the distinct neurochemical population of sensory neurons as well as satellite cells, and that peripheral axotomy induced marked reductions in ASIC2 in neurons.