Abstract
The model penetrants oxaprozin, nimesulide, gliclazide, and ribavirin, because of their different lipophilicities, were selected to assess the enhancing activity of pre-treatment solutions consisting of isopropyl palmitate (IP) in ethanol (5%, 10%, 15%and 20%, w/w, respectively) across excised rat skin using Franz diffusion cells and HPLC detection. All pre-treatment solutions produced a significant increase in the flux and permeation of all four penetrants (p<0.001) and a relationship between penetrant lipophilicity and enhancement effect was observed. The general order of IP effectiveness at concentration was 20%>15%>10%>5% (w/w). The lag-time of drugs did not significantly change except for ribavirin.
MeSH terms
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Abdomen
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Administration, Cutaneous
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Animals
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Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
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Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
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Fatty Acids / chemistry
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Fatty Acids / pharmacology
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Gliclazide / administration & dosage
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Gliclazide / pharmacokinetics
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In Vitro Techniques
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Lipids / chemistry
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Male
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Oxaprozin
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Palmitates / chemistry
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Palmitates / pharmacology*
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Permeability / drug effects
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Pharmaceutical Preparations / administration & dosage
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Pharmaceutical Preparations / metabolism*
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Propionates / administration & dosage
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Propionates / pharmacokinetics
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Rats
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Rats, Wistar
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Ribavirin / administration & dosage
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Ribavirin / pharmacokinetics
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Skin / drug effects*
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Skin / metabolism
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Skin Absorption / drug effects*
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Solubility
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Sulfonamides / administration & dosage
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Sulfonamides / pharmacokinetics
Substances
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Fatty Acids
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Lipids
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Palmitates
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Pharmaceutical Preparations
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Propionates
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Sulfonamides
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Ribavirin
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isopropyl palmitate
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Gliclazide
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Oxaprozin
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nimesulide