The kidney could be the cause of essential hypertension which can also cause renal disease. High blood pressure is also very common in chronic kidney disease, and is moreover a well-known risk factor for a faster progression of kidney failure. Hypertension and kidneys are thus closely linked. Hypertension must be aggressively treated in patients suffering from chronic kidney disease, with a blood pressure goal of less than 130/80 mmHg, even lower than 125/75 mmHg when proteinuria is over 1g/day, using optimal and effective antihypertensive drugs. Among them, the blockers of the renin-angiotensin axis offer nephroprotective but also cardioprotective properties beyond their effect on blood pressure.