A novel isolate belonging to the genus Streptomyces, strain YIM 47672T, was obtained from soil from Hainan, an island in China. The characterization of this isolate was performed by using a polyphasic approach. The strain formed long spore chains in the aerial mycelia. The cell wall contained L-diaminopimelic acid, traces of meso-diaminopimelic acid and glycine. Whole-cell hydrolysates contained galactose and xylose. The phospholipid was of type II. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities for YIM 47672T with respect to the most closely related type strains of species of the genus Streptomyces were less than 96.3%. Therefore strain YIM 47672T represents a novel member of the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces hainanensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YIM 47672T (=CCTCC AA 205017T=DSM 41900T).