Background: We aimed to study the relationship between the number of fractured scapular regions, and the severity and distribution of associated injuries in blunt trauma patients.
Methods: One hundred seven consecutive patients with fractured scapulae (100 men) with a mean age of 35 (8-65) years were prospectively studied between January 2003 and December 2005. Mechanism of injury, associated injuries, Injury Severity Score (ISS), and the number of anatomic scapular regions involved in each fracture were studied. Patients were divided into single-region fracture (SRF), two-region fracture, and more than two-region fracture groups. Computer tomography was used for fracture classification in 99 patients and plain radiographs were used for the remaining 8.
Results: Road traffic collisions were the most common cause of scapular fracture. Ninety-five patients (89%) sustained associated injuries. The most frequent was chest injury (68 [64%]). The median ISS was 9 (4-57) for the SRF group (n = 55), 20 (4-59) for the two-region fracture group (n = 30), and 22.5 (4-54) for the more than two-region fracture group (n = 22) (p = 0.02, Kruskal-Wallis test). The median values of the Abbreviated Injury Scale for chest injuries for the three groups were 1 (0-4), 3 (0-5), and 3 (0-5), respectively (p = 0.001, Kruskal-Wallis test). The SRF group had significantly less posterior structure injury (9 of 55) compared with the multiple-region fracture group (46 of 52) (p < 0.001, Fisher's exact test).
Conclusions: Associated injuries are common in patients with scapular fractures. ISS and Abbreviated Injury Scale score for chest injuries are higher and posterior structure injuries are more frequent in patients with fractures involving multiple scapular regions.