Aims: Few documented work were devoted to the study blood groups in Guinea. The objective of this study was to determine the phenotypical and genic frequencies of antigens of ABO and rhesus D systems in the guinean population.
Methods: Grouping ABO and rhesus D related to 59,452 subjects, including the donors blood and the patients taken in the four natural regions and the special zone of Conakry. The phenotypes ABO and rhesus D were determined by the double method of Beth-Vincent and Simonin on plate or in tube with monoclonal serums tests and red blood cells locally prepared. The genic frequencies were calculated according to formulas' of Bernstein.
Results: The phenotypical frequencies of the antigens of blood groups A, B, AB and O are respectively equal to 0.2254, 0.2386, 0.0472 and 0.4888. That of the rhesus D antigen is of 0.9594 for the Rh positive and 0.0406 for the Rh negative. The frequencies of the genes A, B and O in the population are 0.1470, 0.1548, 0.6983. These frequencies are not significantly varying between in the regions and among ethnics groups. They are close to those observed in the Subsaharan Africa region.
Conclusion: The results obtained confirm the negroïd character of guinean population.