The cancer suppressor gene, KISS1, was initially described as having an important role in inhibiting cancer metastasis. Since then, KISS1 and its receptor, KISS1R, have been shown to play a key role in controlling the onset of puberty of reproductive physiology in the human and other species. Recent studies have also linked KISS1/kisspeptin/KISS1R to other processes, such as vasoconstriction, aging, adipocyte physiology, and perhaps as a molecular conduit linking metabolism and reproduction. This article highlights the history of KISS1/kisspeptin/KISS1R biology and proposes a consensus for nomenclature of the key molecules in this signaling pathway.