Establishment and validation of a standard protocol for the detection of minimal residual disease in B lineage childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia by flow cytometry in a multi-center setting

Haematologica. 2009 Jun;94(6):870-4. doi: 10.3324/haematol.2008.000414. Epub 2009 Apr 18.

Abstract

Minimal residual disease detection, used for clinical management of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, can be performed by molecular analysis of antigen-receptor gene rearrangements or by flow cytometric analysis of aberrant immunophenotypes. For flow minimal residual disease to be incorporated into larger national and international trials, a quality assured, standardized method is needed which can be performed in a multi-center setting. We report a four color, flow cytometric protocol established and validated by the UK acute lymphoblastic leukemia Flow minimal residual disease group. Quality assurance testing gave high inter-laboratory agreement with no values differing from a median consensus value by more than one point on a logarithmic scale. Prospective screening of B-ALL patients (n=206) showed the method was applicable to 88.3% of patients. The minimal residual disease in bone marrow aspirates was quantified and compared to molecular data. The combined risk category concordance (minimal residual disease levels above or below 0.01%) was 86% (n=134). Thus, this standardized protocol is highly reproducible between laboratories, sensitive, applicable, and shows good concordance with molecular-based analysis.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Antigens, CD19 / analysis
  • Antigens, CD34 / analysis
  • Child
  • Flow Cytometry / methods*
  • Flow Cytometry / standards
  • Gene Rearrangement
  • Humans
  • Leukemia, B-Cell / diagnosis*
  • Leukemia, B-Cell / genetics
  • Leukemia, B-Cell / metabolism
  • Neoplasm, Residual / diagnosis*
  • Neoplasm, Residual / genetics
  • Neoplasm, Residual / metabolism
  • Neprilysin / analysis
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / diagnosis*
  • Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / genetics
  • Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / metabolism
  • Prognosis
  • Prospective Studies
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / genetics
  • Reference Standards
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Sensitivity and Specificity

Substances

  • Antigens, CD19
  • Antigens, CD34
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell
  • Neprilysin