A muscle-specific transgenic reporter line of the sea anemone, Nematostella vectensis

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Jan 5;107(1):104-8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0909148107. Epub 2009 Dec 14.

Abstract

The sea anemone, Nematostella vectensis, has become an attractive new model organism for comparative genomics and evolutionary developmental biology. Over the last few years, many genes have been isolated and their expression patterns studied to gain insight into their function. More recently, functional tools have been developed to manipulate gene function; however, most of these approaches rely on microinjection and are limited to early stages of development. Transgenic lines would significantly enhance the tractability of the system. In particular, the study of gene- or tissue-specific promoters would be most useful. Here we report the stable establishment of a transgenic line using the I-SceI meganuclease system to facilitate integration into the genome. We isolated a 1.6-kb fragment of the regulatory upstream region of the Myosin Heavy Chain1 (MyHC1) gene and found that the transgene is specifically expressed in the retractor and tentacle muscles of Nematostella polyps, faithfully reproducing the expression of the endogenous MyHC1 gene. This demonstrates that the 1.6-kb fragment contains all of the regulatory elements necessary to drive correct expression and suggests that retractor and tentacle muscles in Nematostella are distinct from other myoepithelial cells. The transgene is transmitted through the germline at high frequency, and G(1) transgenic polyps have only one integration site. The relatively high frequency of transgenesis, in combination with gene- or tissue-specific promoters, will foster experimental possibilities for studying in vivo gene functions in gene regulatory networks and developmental processes in the nonbilaterian sea anemone, Nematostella vectensis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Animals, Genetically Modified*
  • Cell Differentiation / physiology
  • Gene Transfer Techniques
  • Genes, Reporter*
  • Genetic Vectors / genetics
  • Genetic Vectors / metabolism
  • Muscles / anatomy & histology
  • Muscles / physiology*
  • Myosin Heavy Chains / genetics
  • Myosin Heavy Chains / metabolism
  • Promoter Regions, Genetic
  • Protein Isoforms / genetics
  • Protein Isoforms / metabolism
  • Regeneration / physiology
  • Sea Anemones / anatomy & histology*
  • Sea Anemones / genetics*
  • Sea Anemones / physiology

Substances

  • Protein Isoforms
  • Myosin Heavy Chains