Segmental infarction of the omentum is a rare disease, with about 150 published cases, and an unusual cause of "pseudoacute" abdomen. The preoperative diagnosis is difficult because of the rarity and lack of specificity of the syndrome, and it is established after laparotomy, with a few exceptions. The authors report on a personal case and emphasize the importance of systematic exploration in spite of the "innocence" of the organ initially involved, and they describe the few signs that are nontheless suggestive of this provocative and puzzling entity.