Objective: To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of smoking and metabolic syndrome (MS) among male Uygur and Kazakh adults residing in Xinjiang.
Methods: Four-stage selected random sampling was used to analyze the prevalence and the relationship between the risk factors of smoking and metabolic syndrome. The sampled adult populations over 35 years old were collected 6 localities (Urumqi, Kelamayi, Fukang, Turfan Basin locality, Hetian locality & Yili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture) in Xinjiang, China. The subjects were 4019 males of Uygur and Kazakh. Each individual answered a questionnaire, received physical examinations and a biochemical indicator survey. The smoking patients were divided into two groups: one complicated with metabolic syndrome and the other not. A logistic regression analysis was also made to identify the possible risk factors and their powers on the prevalence of metabolic syndrome with smoking.
Results: With regards to the habit of smoking, the smokers of Uygur and Kazakh were 869 and 1114 respectively. The prevalence of MS was 24.74% and 29.62% for Uygur and Kazakh smokers respectively. And 16.75% and 24.72% for Uygur and Kazakh non-smokers respectively. The comparison of baseline information showed that, in Uygur males, the mean values of diastolic blood pressure, waist circumference and triglyceride were higher in smoker group than those in non-smoker group (P < 0.05); in Kazakh males, the mean values of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and waist circumference were higher than nonsmoker group (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the OR value of smoking was 1.698 (95%CI 1.129 - 2.553) in Uygur and 1.845 (95%CI 1.544 - 2.206) in Kazakh of MS patients.
Conclusion: The prevalence of MS is higher in male smokers than that in non-smokers in Uygur and Kazakh. Perhaps smoking is one of the risk factors for MS.