Mouse development is not obviously affected by the absence of dermatan sulfate epimerase 2 in spite of a modified brain dermatan sulfate composition

Glycobiology. 2012 Jul;22(7):1007-16. doi: 10.1093/glycob/cws065. Epub 2012 Apr 10.

Abstract

Dermatan sulfate epimerase 2 (DS-epi2), together with its homolog DS-epi1, transform glucuronic acid into iduronic acid in DS polysaccharide chains. Iduronic acid gives DS increased chain flexibility and promotes protein binding. DS-epi2 is ubiquitously expressed and is the predominant epimerase in the brain. Here, we report the generation and initial characterization of DS-epi2 null mice. DS-epi2-deficient mice showed no anatomical, histological or morphological abnormalities. The body weights and lengths of mutated and wild-type littermates were indistinguishable. They were fertile and had a normal lifespan. Chondroitin sulfate (CS)/DS isolated from the newborn mutated mouse brains had a 38% reduction in iduronic acid compared with wild-type littermates, and compositional analysis revealed a decrease in 4-O-sulfate and an increase in 6-O-sulfate containing structures. Despite the reduction in iduronic acid, the adult DS-epi2-/- brain showed normal extracellular matrix features by immunohistological stainings. We conclude that DS-epi1 compensates in vivo for the loss of DS-epi2. These results extend previous findings of the functional redundancy of brain extracellular matrix components.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Brain / cytology
  • Brain / enzymology
  • Brain / growth & development*
  • Carbohydrate Conformation
  • Carbohydrate Epimerases / deficiency*
  • Carbohydrate Epimerases / genetics
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Dermatan Sulfate / metabolism*
  • Disaccharides / metabolism
  • Extracellular Matrix / metabolism
  • Female
  • Gene Knockout Techniques
  • Iduronic Acid / metabolism
  • Kidney / metabolism
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, 129 Strain
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice, Transgenic
  • Sulfates / metabolism

Substances

  • Disaccharides
  • Sulfates
  • Dermatan Sulfate
  • Iduronic Acid
  • Carbohydrate Epimerases
  • dermatan sulfate epimerase 1, mouse