The purpose of this review is to analyze original and review papers dealing with associations between diet and its influence on the incidence of Coronary Heart Diseases, so as its implications on the preventive measures at regional levels. It has been analyzed relationships between serum cholesterol levels and Coronary Heart Disease, diet and serum cholesterol and diet and Coronary Heart Disease. It is concluded that there have been shown strong relations in comparisons between communities. However, there are not consistent relations when subjects from the same community are compared. This could be due to variations in variable measurements, such as the limitations of the tools used (food survey, food composition tables, individual intake variations, etc.). All these would difficult to extrapolate the results from one region to another. To develop more effective preventive measures there is the need of cohort studies at regional level bearing in mine all that considerations above mentioned.