Differential involvement of central and peripheral α2 adrenoreceptors in the antinociception induced by aerobic and resistance exercise

Anesth Analg. 2013 Mar;116(3):703-11. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0b013e31827ab6e4. Epub 2013 Feb 11.

Abstract

Background: Several studies have demonstrated antinociception induced by exercise; however, the specific mechanisms for this effect are not well understood. Thus, we investigated the involvement of α2-adrenergic receptors (α2-ARs) in the antinociceptive effect produced by exercise in rats and mice.

Methods: Male Wistar rats performed acute aerobic (AA) and acute resistance exercise protocols, and male α2A/α2C-ARs knockout mice and their wild-type mice were also submitted to AA.

Results: After the exercise protocols, the nociceptive threshold of rats and wild type was increased, (except in knockout mice). This effect was reversed by yohimbine, a nonselective α2-ARs antagonist (4 mg/kg, subcutaneously [s.c.]); rauwolscine, a selective α2C-ARs antagonist (4 mg/kg, s.c.); BRL 44408, a selective α2A-ARs antagonist (4 mg/kg, s.c.) and guanethidine, a selective inhibitor of transmission in adrenergic nerves (30 mg/kg, intraperitoneal). Furthermore, when given intrathecally or intracerebroventricularly, yohimbine did not alter antinociception induced by exercise protocols. In addition, α2-ARs expression in rat brains did not change after AA and acute resistance exercise.

Conclusion: These results suggest a peripheral involvement of α2-ARs in the antinociception induced by aerobic and resistance exercise.

MeSH terms

  • Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Antagonists / administration & dosage*
  • Animals
  • Injections, Intraventricular
  • Injections, Spinal
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice, Knockout
  • Pain Measurement / drug effects
  • Pain Measurement / methods*
  • Physical Conditioning, Animal / methods*
  • Physical Conditioning, Animal / physiology*
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2 / physiology*
  • Resistance Training / methods*

Substances

  • Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Antagonists
  • Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2