Rho GTPases in neurodegeneration diseases

Exp Cell Res. 2013 Sep 10;319(15):2384-94. doi: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2013.06.016. Epub 2013 Jul 2.

Abstract

Rho GTPases are molecular switches that modulate multiple intracellular signaling processes by means of various effector proteins. As a result, Rho GTPase activities are tightly spatiotemporally regulated in order to ensure homeostasis within the cell. Though the roles of Rho GTPases during neural development have been well documented, their participation during neurodegeneration has been far less characterized. Herein we discuss our current knowledge of the role and function of Rho GTPases and regulators during neurodegeneration, and highlight their potential as targets for therapeutic intervention in common neurodegenerative disorders.

Keywords: Nerve injury; Neurite outgrowth; Neurodegeneration; Rho GTPases; RhoGAPs; RhoGEFs.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Gene Expression Regulation*
  • Humans
  • Isoenzymes / classification
  • Isoenzymes / genetics
  • Isoenzymes / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Nerve Regeneration / physiology
  • Neurites / metabolism*
  • Neurites / pathology
  • Neurodegenerative Diseases / enzymology
  • Neurodegenerative Diseases / genetics*
  • Neurodegenerative Diseases / pathology
  • Neurogenesis / genetics
  • Optic Nerve Injuries / enzymology
  • Optic Nerve Injuries / genetics
  • Peripheral Nerve Injuries / enzymology
  • Peripheral Nerve Injuries / genetics
  • Signal Transduction*
  • rho GTP-Binding Proteins / classification
  • rho GTP-Binding Proteins / genetics
  • rho GTP-Binding Proteins / metabolism*

Substances

  • Isoenzymes
  • rho GTP-Binding Proteins