Sex-related differences in respiratory symptoms: results from the BOLD Study

Eur Respir J. 2013 Sep;42(3):858-60. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00047613.

Abstract

For the same degree of lung function impairment females tend to report more (severe) dyspnoea and cough, but less phlegm http://ow.ly/mp2CF

Publication types

  • Letter
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Cough / etiology
  • Dyspnea / etiology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Logistic Models
  • Lung / physiopathology*
  • Lung Diseases / complications
  • Lung Diseases / physiopathology*
  • Male
  • Odds Ratio
  • Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / complications
  • Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / physiopathology
  • Respiratory Sounds / etiology
  • Sex Factors*
  • Spirometry
  • Sputum
  • Surveys and Questionnaires