The extracellular matrix (ECM) consists of a versatile and dynamic meshwork of proteoglycans and glycoproteins and plays an important functional role in complex tissues such as the developing retina. ECM forms the milieu surrounding retinal cells, constitutes basement membranes and provides structural as well as mechanical support. In addition, ECM molecules regulate the retinal homeostasis and cellular signaling. This review discusses the current state of ECM remodeling and its function during retinal development. In addition, we illustrate how ECM components control axonal growth and guidance of retinal ganglion cells and focus on ECM modulation during de- and regeneration processes.
Keywords: degeneration; development; extracellular matrix; glycoproteins; phosphacan; proteoglycans; retina; tenascin-C.
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