Long-term efficacy of a 0.07% cetylpyridinium chloride mouth rinse in relation to plaque and gingivitis: a 6-month randomized, vehicle-controlled clinical trial

Int J Dent Hyg. 2015 May;13(2):93-103. doi: 10.1111/idh.12082. Epub 2014 Jul 15.

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of 0.07% cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) mouth rinse for reduction of gingival inflammation and inhibition of plaque compared to a vehicle control (VC) mouth rinse over a 6-month period.

Materials & methods: Participants (n = 62) used their randomly assigned product as adjunct to toothbrushing. Bleeding, plaque and staining scores were assessed at baseline, 3 and 6 months. Plaque and saliva samples were taken at each assessment monitoring possible shifts in the composition of the microbiota.

Results: A significant difference (P = 0.002) in favour of the CPC mouth rinse, with respect to plaque scores, was found. Bleeding scores at 6 months were not significantly different (P = 0.089). However, when correcting for baseline values, a tendency towards a significant difference in bleeding scores at end trail was observed in favour of the CPC mouth rinse (P = 0.061). Regarding staining at 3 and 6 months, a small but significant difference (8.6% and 10.4%, respectively) (P < 0.0001) was observed with lower scores for the VC group. There was a significant reduction in total anaerobic count in the CPC group at 6 months (P < 0.05). The ratio of aerobes/anaerobes was markedly increased at 3 months, especially in the CPC group. No further differences were observed between groups at 6 months.

Conclusions: The use of 0.07% CPC mouth rinse was significantly more effective in reducing plaque scores than the vehicle control. Bleeding scores were not different at 6 months. The test product was well accepted and did not cause any serious clinical side effects or negatively affected the microbiota.

Keywords: cetylpyridinium chloride; clinical trial; dental plaque; gingivitis; mouth rinse.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Anti-Infective Agents, Local / therapeutic use*
  • Bacteria, Aerobic / drug effects
  • Bacteria, Anaerobic / drug effects
  • Bacterial Load / drug effects
  • Cetylpyridinium / therapeutic use*
  • Dental Plaque / microbiology
  • Dental Plaque / prevention & control*
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Gingival Hemorrhage / prevention & control
  • Gingivitis / prevention & control*
  • Humans
  • Lactobacillus / drug effects
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Male
  • Mouthwashes / therapeutic use*
  • Pharmaceutical Vehicles
  • Placebos
  • Saliva / microbiology
  • Streptococcus / drug effects
  • Tooth Discoloration / chemically induced
  • Toothbrushing / methods
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Anti-Infective Agents, Local
  • Mouthwashes
  • Pharmaceutical Vehicles
  • Placebos
  • Cetylpyridinium