Atrial flutter in myotonic dystrophy type 1: Patient characteristics and clinical outcome

Abstract

The prevalence and the incidence of atrial flutter in patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) and the most appropriate strategies for its management are unknown. We retrospectively included in the DM1 Heart Registry 929 adult patients with DM1 admitted to our Institutions between January 2000 and September 2013. We selected patients presenting with atrial flutter and analysed data relative to the occurrence of arterial thromboembolism, severe bradyarrhythmias and atrial flutter recurrences. Atrial flutter was present in 79 of the 929 patients included in our Registry, representing a 8.5% prevalence. Patients with atrial flutter were older, had a higher muscular disability rating scale score and had higher prevalence of other cardiac manifestations of DM1. Sixty patients presented with a first episode of atrial flutter, representing a 4.6% incidence. Severe bradyarrhythmias requiring permanent pacing were present in 4 patients (6.7%). Over a 53 ± 28 months mean follow-up duration, 2 patients (3.3%) had ischaemic stroke and 12 (20%) had atrial flutter recurrences. Patients who underwent radiofrequency ablation were more frequently free of atrial flutter recurrence than other patients (95 vs. 61%; HR = 0.17; P = 0.04). Atrial flutter is a common manifestation of DM1, potentially complicated by arterial thromboembolism or severe bradyarrhythmias. Radiofrequency catheter ablation is associated with a lower risk for recurrences.

Keywords: Atrial flutter; Myotonic dystrophy type 1; Radiofrequency ablation; Supraventricular arrhythmia.