Fluoride Content of Bottled Waters in Hong Kong and Qatar

J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2016;40(4):290-6. doi: 10.17796/1053-4628-40.4.290.

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the F concentration of bottled waters that was available in Hong Kong and Qatar.

Study design: The F concentrations of bottled waters collected from Hong Kong (n=81) and Qatar (n=32) were analysed. The F ion selective electrode method was used to measure the F concentration in the samples. Three measurements were obtained for every sample to ensure reproducibility and appropriate statistical analyses were employed.

Results: Qatar group: F concentrations ranged from 0.06 ppm to 3.0 ppm with a mean value of 0.8 ppm. The F concentrations displayed on the labels of the samples (60%) were significantly lower than the measured F concentration (p < 0.0001). Hong Kong group: F concentrations ranged from 0.04 ppm to 2.52 ppm with a mean value of 0.44 ppm. The F concentrations displayed on the samples (16%) were significantly lower than the measured F concentration (p< 0.0001).

Conclusion: Wide variations exist in the F concentration among the different brands of bottled water available in Hong Kong and Qatar. The F concentrations displayed on the labels were not consistent with the measured F concentrations.

Keywords: bottled water; dental caries; fluoride; fluorosis.

MeSH terms

  • Calibration
  • Drinking Water / chemistry*
  • Electrodes
  • Fluorides / analysis*
  • Hong Kong
  • Qatar

Substances

  • Drinking Water
  • Fluorides