Eosinophilic Lung Diseases

Clin Chest Med. 2016 Sep;37(3):535-56. doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2016.04.015. Epub 2016 Jun 25.

Abstract

Eosinophilic lung diseases especially comprise eosinophilic pneumonia or as the more transient Löffler syndrome, which is most often due to parasitic infections. The diagnosis of eosinophilic pneumonia is based on characteristic clinical-imaging features and the demonstration of alveolar eosinophilia, defined as at least 25% eosinophils at BAL. Peripheral blood eosinophilia is common but may be absent at presentation in idiopathic acute eosinophilic pneumonia, which may be misdiagnosed as severe infectious pneumonia. All possible causes of eosinophilia, including drug, toxin, fungus related etiologies, must be thoroughly investigated. Extrathoracic manifestations should raise the suspicion of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis.

Keywords: Aspergillus; Eosinophil; Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis; Eosinophilic pneumonia; Interstitial lung disease.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Acute Disease
  • Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary / diagnosis*
  • Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary / immunology
  • Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary / therapy
  • Asthma / diagnosis
  • Asthma / immunology
  • Asthma / therapy
  • Bronchoalveolar Lavage
  • Chronic Disease
  • Churg-Strauss Syndrome / diagnosis*
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Eosinophilia / complications
  • Eosinophilia / diagnosis*
  • Eosinophilia / immunology
  • Humans
  • Lung Diseases, Parasitic / diagnosis*
  • Lung Diseases, Parasitic / immunology
  • Lung Diseases, Parasitic / therapy
  • Pulmonary Eosinophilia / complications
  • Pulmonary Eosinophilia / diagnosis*
  • Pulmonary Eosinophilia / immunology
  • Pulmonary Eosinophilia / therapy
  • Smoking