Percutaneous treatment of 74 pancreatic pseudocysts was performed in 70 patients. Initially, single-step fine-needle aspiration was used and had a 71% (15 of 21 patients) recurrence rate. Better results were obtained with prolonged extragastric or transgastric external drainage, performed in 43 patients (46 pseudocysts). Two patients in this series (4.7%) required urgent surgery: one for gastric wall hematoma and the other for intracystic hemorrhage. Three patients (7.0%) were lost to follow-up. The recurrence rate in the remaining 38 patients (41 pseudocysts) was 23.7% (nine of 38 patients). Since 1986, seven patients have been treated with percutaneous pseudocystogastrostomy (one also underwent external drainage and is thus included in the previous series, too) after placement of a transgastric drainage catheter, with no recurrence (follow-up, 2-26 months). It is concluded that transgastric drainage should be performed whenever the anatomic situation is favorable and that a pseudocystogastric stent should be placed in these patients whenever secretions are still abundant after 7-10 days.