Guided bone regeneration with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 9 loaded on either deproteinized bovine bone mineral or a collagen barrier membrane

Nikola Saulacic; Masako Fujioka-Kobayashi; Eizaburo Kobayashi; Benoit Schaller; Richard J Miron

doi:10.1111/cid.12491

Guided bone regeneration with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 9 loaded on either deproteinized bovine bone mineral or a collagen barrier membrane

Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2017 Aug;19(4):600-607. doi: 10.1111/cid.12491. Epub 2017 May 2.

Authors

Nikola Saulacic¹, Masako Fujioka-Kobayashi¹, Eizaburo Kobayashi^{1

2}, Benoit Schaller¹, Richard J Miron^{3

4}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
² Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Life, Dentistry at Niigata, The Nippon Dental University, Niigata, Japan.
³ Department of Periodontology, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida.
⁴ Cell Therapy Institute, Center for Collaborative Research, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida.

PMID: 28466608
DOI: 10.1111/cid.12491

Abstract

Background: Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 9 (rhBMP9) has been considered the most osteoinductive growth factor of the BMP-family and has much translation potential for guided bone regeneration (GBR) procedures.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare bone formation using rhBMP9 loaded with different carrier systems including deprotenized bovine bone mineral (BioOss, BO) or collagen barrier membranes (BioGide, BG) in a rabbit GBR model.

Materials and methods: rhBMP9 was loaded either on BO; named BO/BMP9, or BG; named BG/BMP9 to investigate the better carrier system for rhBMP9. New bone formation was quantified in a rabbit calvarial defect model using four groups; (1) control (empty, n = 9), (2) BO + BG (n = 9), (3) BO/BMP9 + BG (n = 9; BMP9 loaded onto BO), and (4) BO + BG/BMP9 (n = 9; BMP9 loaded onto BG) by radiographically and histologically at 8 weeks post-surgery.

Results: Both BO/BMP9 + BG and BO + BG/BMP9 samples significantly promoted new bone formation when compared to BO + BG samples based on parameters including mineralized tissue volume by microCT analysis, as well as new bone height and new bone area by histomorphometry. Interestingly, BO + BG/BMP9 samples but not BO/BMP9 + BG achieved near perfect horizontal bone defect closure, while demonstrating new bone layers in the defect areas implanted with BG materials and bone formation around BO materials.

Conclusion: Both BO and BG positively induced bone formation with rhBMP9 in an experimental rabbit GBR model when compared to BO + BG alone. This study revealed that BG-loaded with rhBMP9 promoted better wound closure when compared to BO-loaded with rhBMP9. GBR procedures with growth factors may thus benefit from loading rhBMP9 onto BG-collagen barrier membranes when compared to BO-bone grafting particles. Future large animal studies with different types of bone grafts and barrier membranes are needed to further investigate these trends.

Keywords: BMP9; GBR; bone formation; bone induction; bone morphogenetic protein; guided bone regeneration; rhBMP9.

MeSH terms

Animals
Bone Development / drug effects*
Cattle
Collagen / metabolism
Female
Growth Differentiation Factor 2
Growth Differentiation Factors / therapeutic use*
Guided Tissue Regeneration / methods*
Rabbits
Recombinant Proteins / therapeutic use
Skull / diagnostic imaging
Skull / drug effects
Skull / growth & development
Skull / surgery
X-Ray Microtomography

Substances

GDF2 protein, human
Growth Differentiation Factor 2
Growth Differentiation Factors
Recombinant Proteins
Collagen