Treatment of Refractory Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Patients With Portal Hypertension: A Case Series and Treatment Algorithm

Transplant Proc. 2017 Oct;49(8):1864-1869. doi: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2017.06.022.

Abstract

In patients with portal hypertension, ectopic varices can develop at any site along the gastrointestinal tract outside the classically described gastroesophageal location. Like esophageal variceal hemorrhage, bleeding from ectopic varices can be life-threatening. Diagnosis and treatment of ectopic varices can be challenging; to date, no effective treatment algorithm has been described. A systematic teamwork approach to diagnosing and treatment of ectopic varices is required to successfully manage hemorrhage from ectopic varices.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Algorithms*
  • Disease Management*
  • Esophageal and Gastric Varices / complications
  • Esophageal and Gastric Varices / therapy*
  • Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / etiology
  • Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / therapy*
  • Humans
  • Hypertension, Portal / complications*
  • Hypertension, Portal / therapy
  • Ligation
  • Male
  • Middle Aged