Comparison of albumin, colloid osmotic pressure, von Willebrand factor, and coagulation factors in canine cryopoor plasma, cryoprecipitate, and fresh frozen plasma

Abstract

Objective: To compare albumin concentrations, coagulation factors activity, and colloid osmotic pressure (COP) of cryoprecipitate (CRYO) and cryopoor plasma (CPP) to that of source fresh frozen plasma (FFP).

Design: Prospective in vitro study.

Setting: University teaching hospital.

Animals: Ten healthy, non-Greyhound dogs enrolled in an academic teaching hospital blood donor program.

Interventions: Fresh blood was obtained from canine blood donors and separated into FFP and packed red blood cells. The source FFP was further separated into CRYO and CPP. Albumin and fibrinogen concentrations, COP, activities of coagulation factors II, V, VII, VIII, IX, X, and von Willebrand factor (vWf) were assessed for each FFP, CRYO, and CPP.

Measurements and main results: The mean albumin concentration and COP in CPP were significantly higher compared with those found in FFP, with 31.7 g/L (±6) in CPP compared to 28.9 g/L (±0.5) in FFP (P < 0.001) and 14.5 mm Hg (±0.7) in CPP compared to 12.7 mm Hg (±0.3) in FFP (P = 0.03), respectively. CRYO had significantly higher concentrations of fibrinogen (median 3.46 g/L, 95% CI 2.65-4.27), and higher activities of factor VIII (mean activity 427.0%, ±95.4) and vWf (mean activity 504.7%, ±41.39) as compared to the other products. The activities of vitamin K dependent factors II, VII, and X were similar in CPP compared to FFP, although factor IX activity was lower in CPP. There was no significant difference in factor II or VII activities between the 3 products.

Conclusions: The mean albumin concentration and COP were highest in CPP, suggesting that CPP may be a potential alternative to FFP for oncotic support and albumin replacement. CRYO contained higher activities of vWf and factor VIII than other products and could be used to treat vWf deficiency and hemophilia A. As vitamin K dependent coagulation factors II, VII, and X in CPP were similar to FFP, CPP may be an option for replacement of most of vitamin K dependent factors.

Keywords: blood products; dogs; natural colloids; transfusion medicine.