Objective: To compare the clinical effect of transumbilical single-port laparoscopy combined with improved double hernia needles with that of traditional open surgery in the treatment of hydrocele in children.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 35 cases (54 sides) of pediatric hydrocele treated by transumbilical single-port laparoscopy combined with improved double hernia needles (laparoscopy group). We recorded the operation time, intraoperative blood loss, hospital stay, scrotal edema, and postoperative complications and compared them with those of another 46 cases (58 sides) treated by traditional open surgery (open surgery group) during the same period.
Results: The laparoscopy group showed a significantly shorter operation time, less intraoperative blood loss, milder scrotal edema, and fewer hospital days than the open surgery group (all P<0.05). However, no statistically significant difference was found in the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups (P>0.05). Subcutaneous emphysema developed in 2 patients in the laparoscopy group, which disappeared after 1－3 days of oxygen inhalation and other symptomatic treatment, while scrotal hematoma occurred in 1 and incision fat liquefaction in 2 patients in the open surgery group 3 days postoperatively, which healed after debridement suture and daily dressing, respectively. The patients were followed up for 3－6 months, which revealed no late complications in the laparoscopy group but 1 case of unilateral recurrence and 2 cases of offside recurrence in the open surgery group, all cured by laparoscopic internal ring ligation.
Conclusions: Transumbilical single-port laparoscopy combined with improved double hernia needles is superior to traditional open surgery for the treatment of pediatric hydrocele and therefore deserves clinical generalization.
目的： 比较经脐单通道腹腔镜结合改良双钩疝针与传统开放手术治疗小儿鞘膜积液的临床疗效。方法： 回顾性分析2014年1月至2015年1月采用经脐单通道腹腔镜结合改良双钩疝针治疗小儿鞘膜积液35例（54侧），并与同期行开放手术的46例（58侧）患儿临床资料进行比较。记录患者的手术时间、出血量、住院时间、阴囊水肿情况、有无术后并发症等指标。 结果： 腔镜组在手术时间、术中出血量、阴囊水肿情况及住院时间方面均优于开放组，差异均有统计学意义（5.7% vs 6.5%, P均<0.05）。而术后并发症两者相比差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。腔镜组有2例出现皮下气肿，给予吸氧等对症处理后于1-3 d逐渐吸收，无其他不良反应，无远期并发症出现。开放组3例出现并发症，其中1例为阴囊血肿，予以清创缝合后愈合良好，2例为术后3 d切口感染脂肪液化，予以每日换药后愈合良好。术后随访6个月以上，腔镜组无复发、睾丸萎缩等远期并发症发生。开放组有3例复发，其中1例术后1个月单侧复发，改行腹腔镜内环口结扎后治愈；另有2例对侧再次出现鞘膜积液，予以腹腔镜内环口结扎后治愈，无其他远期并发症发生。 结论： 经脐单通道腹腔镜结合改良双钩疝针治疗小儿鞘膜积液临床疗效明显优于传统开放手术。.
Keywords: double hernia needles; hydrocele; transumbilical single-port laparoscopy.