Metformin recently gained traction as potential anti-endometrial cancer agent for its new applications. However, the underlying mechanisms of the anti-cancer effect of metformin in the endometrial cancer have not yet been fully elucidated. Sixty-five patients diagnosed as endometrial carcinoma were grouped into (n = 33) and non-treatment mixed (n = 32) for analysis. Thirty healthy donors were recruited as controls. We attempt to investigate the effect of metformin on Ki-67, PI3K, p-AKT, p-S6K1, and p-4EBP1 staining in human endometrial cancer by immunohistochemical staining. We found that increased Ki-67 expression in women with endometrial cancer, which were reversed by conventional anti-diabetic doses of metformin in present work. In parallel, the reduced PI3K, p-AKT, p-S6K1, and p-4EBP1 staining induced by metformin appeared to play an important role for the anti-proliferative effects of metformin in endometrial cancer patients. Metformin significantly decreased proliferation in human endometrial cancer may by inhibiting PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling. Our present results add to the growing body of evidence supporting metformin as a potential anti-cancer agent in endometrial cancer.
Keywords: Endometrial cancer; PI3K/AKT/mTOR; cell proliferation; metformin.