Early Detection of Subclinical Myocardial Damage in Chronic Aortic Regurgitation and Strategies for Timely Treatment of Asymptomatic Patients

Circulation. 2018 Jan 9;137(2):184-196. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.029858.

Abstract

A series of hemodynamic and pathological responses occur in chronic aortic regurgitation, which eventually result in myocardial fibrosis and irreversible left ventricular dysfunction. According to guidelines, valvular surgery is recommended with the development of symptoms, left ventricular systolic dysfunction, or left ventricular dilatation. The optimal timing of surgical intervention has recently been questioned with documentation of irreversible myocardial damage resulting in incomplete left ventricular recovery and adverse clinical outcomes after surgery. Recognizing the shortcomings of the guidelines, we performed a comprehensive review on the novel diagnostic methods that have been shown to improve the detection of subclinical ventricular dysfunction in chronic aortic regurgitation and to improve prediction of outcomes.

Keywords: aortic valve insufficiency; diagnostic imaging; echocardiography; magnetic resonance imaging; natriuretic peptide, brain.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aortic Valve Insufficiency / complications
  • Aortic Valve Insufficiency / diagnostic imaging*
  • Aortic Valve Insufficiency / physiopathology
  • Aortic Valve Insufficiency / therapy
  • Asymptomatic Diseases
  • Cardiovascular Agents / therapeutic use
  • Chronic Disease
  • Disease Progression
  • Early Diagnosis
  • Female
  • Fibrosis
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation
  • Humans
  • Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / diagnostic imaging*
  • Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / etiology
  • Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / physiopathology
  • Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / therapy
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Myocardium / pathology*
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Recovery of Function
  • Time Factors
  • Time-to-Treatment
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / diagnostic imaging*
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / etiology
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / physiopathology
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / therapy
  • Ventricular Function, Left* / drug effects
  • Ventricular Remodeling* / drug effects

Substances

  • Cardiovascular Agents