Objective: To analyze the status of hypertension and isolated systolic hypertension and to investigate the relationship between the prevalence of hypertension and dietary factors among Chinese elderly aged 60 yea and over during 2010-2012. Methods: Using a multi-stage stratified probability proportional to size cluster randomization sampling method during 2010-2012, a total of 14 791 old people aged 60 years old and over were investigated at 150 counties (districts) from 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in China. Information on demographic socio-economic status and the physical activities was collected through questionnaires. Blood pressure measurement and physical examination were carried out by standard methods. The 3 days consecutive individual 24 hours dietary investigation was used to calculate food and nutrients intake of the subjects. Multiple logistic regression was used to investigate the possible related dietary factors for the hypertension and isolated systolic hypertension. Results: The prevalence of hypertension among the elderly aged 60 years old and over was 54.6% (95%CI: 52.8%-56.4%), of which isolated systolic hypertension was 24.5% (95%CI: 23.0%-26.1%). Compared with the lowest intake level, the OR (95%CI) of hypertension for higher tuber consumption (≥43.34 g/d) and milk intake (>0 g/d) with were 0.89 (0.83-0.97) and 0.88 (0.81-0.97), respectively. The OR (95%CI) of hypertension for higher dietary potassium (≥1 747.69 mg/d), folate acid (28.42-56.88 μg/d), vitamin B(1)2 (0.22-0.58 μg/d) and vitamin B(2) (0.61-0.81 mg/d) intake were 0.87 (0.77-0.98), 0.89 (0.81-0.98), 0.88 (0.80-0.97) and 0.89 (0.80-0.99). The OR (95%CI) of isolated systolic hypertension for higher tuber (≥43.34 g/d), milk intake (>0 g/d) and higher dietary potassium (≥1 747.69 mg/d), folate acid (≥99.89 μg/d), vitamin B(12) intake (≥1.48 μg/d) were 0.84 (0.75-0.93), 0.85 (0.76-0.95), 0.82 (0.71-0.96), 0.87 (0.76-0.99) and 0.87 (0.77-0.98). Conclusion: There was inverse association between highertuber consumptione, milk consumption, dietary potassium, folate acid, vitamin B(12) intake and elderly hypertensive and isolated systolic hypertension.
目的： 分析2010—2012年中国60岁及以上老年人群高血压及单纯性收缩期高血压的患病状况及相关的膳食因素。 方法： 2010—2012年采用多阶段分层与人口成比例的整群随机抽样，调查对象为中国31个省（自治区、直辖市）的150个调查县（区）的14 791名60岁及以上老年人。调查老年人的人口学特征、身体活动情况，进行血压测量和体格检查，采用3 d 24 h膳食调查方法估计老年人食物、营养素摄入情况；采用多因素logistic回归模型分析我国老年人高血压及单纯性收缩期高血压的发生状况及相关膳食因素。 结果： 60岁及以上老年人的高血压患病率为54.6%（95%CI:52.8%~56.4%），其中单纯性收缩期高血压患病率为24.5%（95%CI:23.0%~26.1%）。与最低摄入量组相比，摄入较多的薯类（≥43.34 g/d）、奶类（>0 g/d）发生高血压的OR(95%CI)值分别为0.89(0.83~0.97)、0.88(0.81~0.97)；摄入较多的钾（≥1 747.69 mg/d）、叶酸（28.42~56.88 μg/d）、维生素B(12)（0.22~0.58 μg/d）和维生素B(2)（0.61~0.81 mg/d）发生高血压的OR(95%CI)值分别为0.87(0.77~0.98)、0.89(0.81~0.98)、0.88(0.80~0.97)、0.89(0.80~0.99)。摄入较多的薯类（≥43.34 g/d）、奶类（>0 g/d）发生单纯性收缩期高血压的OR(95%CI)值分别为0.84(0.75~0.93)、0.85(0.76~0.95)；膳食中摄入较多的钾（≥1 747.69 mg/d）、叶酸（≥99.89 μg/d）、维生素B(12)（≥1.48 μg/d）发生单纯性收缩期高血压的OR(95%CI)值分别为0.82(0.71~0.96)、0.87(0.76~0.99)、0.87(0.77~0.98)。 结论： 膳食中摄入较多的薯类、奶类、钾、叶酸和维生素B(12)与老年人高血压及单纯收缩期高血压呈负相关性。.
Keywords: Aged; Cross-sectional studies; Diet; Hypertension.