Birth month associates with risk of coronary artery disease and its complications: A propensity score matched analysis

Abstract

Objective: Birth month and climate affect lifetime disease risk, while the underlying mechanisms remain largely elusive. It is vital to investigate the risks of coronary artery disease (CAD) and its complications in patients born in different months.

Methods: A total of 12,263 patient medical records were reviewed from the BioBank of First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, with 4729 records from patients with CAD (CAD group) and 7534 records from control patients without CAD (control group). Two groups of patients were matched by the propensity score matched method. Birth months were compared between two groups of patients. The relationships between birth month and the numbers of CAD and its complications were also investigated. Interestingly, we also explore the relationship between the birth seasons and the numbers of CAD and its complications.

Results: Compared to control, CAD group had greater CAD risks for patients born in November (OR 1.390, 95% CI 1.090-1.772), December (OR 1.358, 95% CI 1.067-1.730), and February (OR 1.332, 95% CI 1.043-1.700) compared to those born in May. Compared to patients born in December, patients born in January to March and May to September had greater risk of heart failure (P<0.05). There was no difference in the incidence of myocardial infarction, conduction block, and atrial fibrillation across birth months (P>0.05). In terms of birth season, patients born in winter have greater CAD risk than those born in spring (OR 1.247, 95% CI 1.075-1.447). And there was no difference in the incidence of CAD complications across with birth seasons (P>0.05).

Conclusions: There was a correlation between birth month and CAD. People born in November, December, and February had greater CAD risk, and people born in winter had greater CAD risk. Among CAD patients, those born in January to March and May to September had the greater risk of heart failure.

Keywords: Análisis del pareamiento de puntaje por propensión; Arteriopatía coronaria; Birth month; Birth season; Complicación; Complication; Coronary artery disease; Mes de nacimiento; Propensity score matched analysis; Ritmo temporal; Temporada de nacimiento; Temporal rhythm.