Masculinity threats influence evaluation of hypermasculine advertisements

J Soc Psychol. 2020 May 3;160(3):282-292. doi: 10.1080/00224545.2019.1644281. Epub 2019 Jul 18.

Abstract

The precarious manhood paradigm posits that many men view their gender as a social status that must be earned and maintained, and can be lost. The present study applied the precarious manhood paradigm to a hypermasculine advertisement. A sample of 208 men was collected online. Using a false feedback paradigm, men's masculinity was either threatened, or not threatened. The men then viewed one of two commercials. One commercial was a neutral, control advertisement, and one was a hypermasculine advertisement. We also measured participants' endorsement of masculine norms. Results of a moderated moderation analysis indicated that men in the threat condition were more likely to view the hypermasculine advertisement as being masculinity-enhancing, if they also endorsed the masculine norms of Winning, Heterosexual Self-Presentation, and Power over Women. Results for future research applying precarious manhood to advertising, and implications for clinical work with men, are discussed.

Keywords: Precarious manhood; advertising; masculinity.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Advertising*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Masculinity*
  • Men / psychology*
  • Sexism / psychology*
  • Social Identification*