DCTPP1 prevents a mutator phenotype through the modulation of dCTP, dTTP and dUTP pools

Cell Mol Life Sci. 2020 Apr;77(8):1645-1660. doi: 10.1007/s00018-019-03250-x. Epub 2019 Aug 3.

Abstract

To maintain dNTP pool homeostasis and preserve genetic integrity of nuclear and mitochondrial genomes, the synthesis and degradation of DNA precursors must be precisely regulated. Human all-alpha dCTP pyrophosphatase 1 (DCTPP1) is a dNTP pyrophosphatase with high affinity for dCTP and 5'-modified dCTP derivatives, but its contribution to overall nucleotide metabolism is controversial. Here, we identify a central role for DCTPP1 in the homeostasis of dCTP, dTTP and dUTP. Nucleotide pools and the dUTP/dTTP ratio are severely altered in DCTPP1-deficient cells, which exhibit an accumulation of uracil in genomic DNA, the activation of the DNA damage response and both a mitochondrial and nuclear hypermutator phenotype. Notably, DNA damage can be reverted by incubation with thymidine, dUTPase overexpression or uracil-DNA glycosylase suppression. Moreover, DCTPP1-deficient cells are highly sensitive to down-regulation of nucleoside salvage. Our data indicate that DCTPP1 is crucially involved in the provision of dCMP for thymidylate biosynthesis, introducing a new player in the regulation of pyrimidine dNTP levels and the maintenance of genomic integrity.

Keywords: DCTPP1; DNA damage; Pyrimidine homeostasis; Pyrimidine salvage; dNTP pool.

MeSH terms

  • Cell Line
  • Cell Proliferation
  • DNA Damage
  • Deoxycytosine Nucleotides / genetics
  • Deoxycytosine Nucleotides / metabolism*
  • Deoxyuracil Nucleotides / genetics
  • Deoxyuracil Nucleotides / metabolism*
  • Gene Knockout Techniques
  • Genomic Instability
  • Humans
  • MCF-7 Cells
  • Mutation
  • Pyrophosphatases / genetics
  • Pyrophosphatases / metabolism*
  • Thymine Nucleotides / genetics
  • Thymine Nucleotides / metabolism*

Substances

  • Deoxycytosine Nucleotides
  • Deoxyuracil Nucleotides
  • Thymine Nucleotides
  • deoxyuridine triphosphate
  • 2'-deoxycytidine 5'-triphosphate
  • Pyrophosphatases
  • dCTP pyrophosphatase
  • thymidine 5'-triphosphate