This Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Statistical Brief presents statistics on the cost of hospital inpatient stays among children aged 20 years and younger using the 2016 Kids’ Inpatient Database (KID), which is the only nationwide database specifically developed to study hospitalizations among the pediatric population. In this Statistical Brief, we present the distribution of aggregate hospital costs and hospital stays in 2016 by type of stay (i.e., uncomplicated births, complicated births, and pediatric nonbirths) and by patient age. The average cost per stay and the distribution of stays are presented by expected payer. The volume of stays, average cost per stay, and aggregate costs are presented by diagnostic categories. All differences between estimates noted in the text are statistically significant at the .05 level or better. Differences between proportions noted in the text differ by at least 10 percent.