White matter hypointensities and hyperintensities have equivalent correlations with age and CSF β-amyloid in the nondemented elderly

Ke Wei; Thao Tran; Karen Chu; Matthew T Borzage; Meredith N Braskie; Michael G Harrington; Kevin S King

doi:10.1002/brb3.1457

White matter hypointensities and hyperintensities have equivalent correlations with age and CSF β-amyloid in the nondemented elderly

Brain Behav. 2019 Dec;9(12):e01457. doi: 10.1002/brb3.1457. Epub 2019 Nov 6.

Authors

Ke Wei¹, Thao Tran¹, Karen Chu¹, Matthew T Borzage², Meredith N Braskie³, Michael G Harrington⁴, Kevin S King¹

Affiliations

¹ Advanced Imaging and Spectroscopy Center, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA, USA.
² Fetal and Neonatal Institute, Division of Neonatology Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
³ Department of Neurology, Imaging Genetics Center, Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
⁴ Neuroscience Department, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA, USA.

Abstract

Introduction: T1- and T2-weighted sequences from MRI often provide useful complementary information about tissue properties. Leukoaraiosis results in signal abnormalities on T1-weighted images, which are automatically quantified by FreeSurfer, but this marker is poorly characterized and is rarely used. We evaluated associations between white matter hyperintensity (WM-hyper) volume from FLAIR and white matter hypointensity (WM-hypo) volume from T1-weighted images and compared their associations with age and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) β-amyloid and tau.

Methods: A total of 56 nondemented participants (68-94 years) were recruited and gave informed consent. All participants went through MR imaging on a GE 1.5T scanner and of these 47 underwent lumbar puncture for CSF analysis. WM-hypo was calculated using FreeSurfer analysis of T1 FSPGR 3D, and WM-hyper was calculated with the Lesion Segmentation Toolbox in the SPM software package using T2-FLAIR.

Results: WM-hyper and WM-hypo were strongly correlated (r = .81; parameter estimate (p.e.): 1.53 ± 0.15; p < .0001). Age was significantly associated with both WM-hyper (r = .31, p.e. 0.078 ± 0.030, p = .013) and WM-hypo (r = .42, p.e. 0.055 ± 0.015, p < .001). CSF β-amyloid levels were predicted by WM-hyper (r = .33, p.e. -0.11 ± 0.044, p = .013) and WM-hypo (r = .42, p.e. -0.24 ± 0.073, p = .002). CSF tau levels were not correlated with either WM-hyper (p = .9) or WM-hypo (p = .99).

Conclusions: Strong correlations between WM-hyper and WM-hypo, and similar associations with age, abnormal β-amyloid, and tau suggest a general equivalence between these two imaging markers. Our work supports the equivalence of white matter hypointensity volumes derived from FreeSurfer for evaluating leukoaraiosis. This may have particular utility when T2-FLAIR is low in quality or absent, enabling analysis of older imaging data sets.

Keywords: Alzheimer's disease; aging; hyperintensity; hypointensity; leukoaraiosis; white matter lesion.

Publication types

Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Aged
Aging / physiology*
Alzheimer Disease / diagnosis
Alzheimer Disease / metabolism
Amyloid beta-Peptides / cerebrospinal fluid*
Biomarkers / cerebrospinal fluid
Correlation of Data
Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods*
Female
Humans
Leukoaraiosis / diagnosis
Leukoaraiosis / metabolism
Male
White Matter* / diagnostic imaging
White Matter* / pathology
tau Proteins / cerebrospinal fluid*

Substances

Amyloid beta-Peptides
Biomarkers
tau Proteins

Abstract

Publication types

MeSH terms

Substances

Grants and funding