Analysis of lymphocyte T(CD4+) cells expression on severe early childhood caries and free caries

Muhammad Luthfi; Priyawan Rachmadi; Aqsa Sjuhada Oki; Retno Indrawati; Agung Sosiawan; Muhaimin Rifa'i

doi:10.4081/idr.2020.8760

Analysis of lymphocyte T(CD4⁺) cells expression on severe early childhood caries and free caries

Infect Dis Rep. 2020 Jul 6;12(Suppl 1):8760. doi: 10.4081/idr.2020.8760. eCollection 2020 Jul 7.

Authors

Muhammad Luthfi¹, Priyawan Rachmadi², Aqsa Sjuhada Oki¹, Retno Indrawati¹, Agung Sosiawan³, Muhaimin Rifa'i⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Oral Biology.
² Department of Dental Material.
³ Department of Public Health, Faculty of Dental Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya.
⁴ Department of Physiology, Cell Culture and Animal Develepment, Faculty of Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indoensia.

Abstract

Early childhood caries (ECC) is still one of the many diseases found in children throughout the world. Cariogenic bacteria are a significant risk factor for ECC associated with early colonization and high levels of cariogenic microbes (Streptococcus mutans, S. mutans). Lymphocyte T (CD4⁺) cells known as helper T cells, are effector cells for mediated host immunity. Naive T cells (CD4⁺) must be activated to initiate effector function. This activation occurs through interaction with professional antigen- presenting cells (pro-APC), especially dendritic cells that lead to intracellular pathways that regulate T cell receptor (TCR) more specifically against antigen in T cells. Lymphocyte cells from samples were collected from severe early childhood caries (S-ECC) and Free caries aged 5 to 6 years. The subjects were instructed to gargle 10 mL of sterile NaCl 1.5% solution for 30 seconds, and expectorate it into a sterile glass then analyzing T lymphocyte cell (CD4⁺) expression using flow cytometry. Lymphocyte T (CD4⁺) cell expression at SECC (6.2525±64482) while in free caries (8.4138±1.10397) with P-value (P=0. 000). Conclusion of lymphocyte T (CD4⁺) cells expression at S-ECC is lower than that occurring in free caries.

Keywords: Severe early childhood caries; adaptive immunity; lymphocyte T (CD4+) cells expression.

Grants and funding

Funding: The authors would like to thank Directorate of Research and Community Services of Directorate General of Research and Development Strengthening from Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education of the Republic of Indonesia for the grant funding provided for this research.