Deviant Dosing: A Post hoc Analysis of Pharmacist Characteristics Related to Renal Dosing Decisions

Ann Pharmacother. 2022 Jan;56(1):65-72. doi: 10.1177/10600280211016328. Epub 2021 May 8.

Abstract

Background: A recent study demonstrated that pharmacists presented with multiple estimating equations deviated from recommended dosing guidance more often than pharmacists who were presented with a single estimate on clinical vignettes.

Objectives: To identify characteristics associated with an increased tendency to deviate from approved recommendations.

Methods: Participant data were split into 2 cohorts: pharmacists who chose a dose that was inconsistent with dosing recommendations on at least 1 of the 4 vignettes and pharmacists who did not deviate on a single case. Bivariate analysis of demographic- and practice-related variables were conducted between groups using the χ2, Mann-Whitney U, or Student t-test for nominal, ordinal, and continuous variables, respectively. Statistically different covariates between groups (P < 0.05) were assessed using multivariable linear regression.

Results: Survey data from 154 inpatient pharmacists, 71 of whom deviated on at least 1 clinical vignette, were analyzed. On univariate analysis, deviator pharmacists were more likely to have completed postgraduate residency training (68% vs 41%; P < 0.05) and board certification (39% vs 20%; P < 0.05). Deviator pharmacists were also more likely to have been presented with multiple renal estimates as opposed to a single estimate and had differing renal dosing practices at baseline (P < 0.05). Following multivariable regression, residency training, mismatched baseline renal practices, and multiple renal estimates remained independent predictors (P < 0.05) of dosing deviation.

Conclusion and relevance: Higher clinical training, practice variation, and multiple renal estimates may affect renal dosing practices. Prospective, statistically powered studies are needed to verify these hypotheses.

Keywords: creatinine clearance; glomerular filtration rate; medication dosing; pharmacist; renal dosing.

MeSH terms

  • Humans
  • Kidney*
  • Pharmacists*
  • Prospective Studies