Predictors of Lymph Node Metastasis in Siewert Type II T1 Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagogastric Junction: A Population-Based Study

Liubo Chen; Kejun Tang; Sihan Wang; Dongdong Chen; Kefeng Ding

doi:10.1177/10732748211026668

Predictors of Lymph Node Metastasis in Siewert Type II T1 Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagogastric Junction: A Population-Based Study

Cancer Control. 2021 Jan-Dec:28:10732748211026668. doi: 10.1177/10732748211026668.

Authors

Liubo Chen^{1

2}, Kejun Tang³, Sihan Wang⁴, Dongdong Chen⁴, Kefeng Ding^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
² Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
³ Department of Surgery, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
⁴ Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Province, China), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.

Abstract

Background: Endoscopic resection has been introduced as an alternative treatment for superficial adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG), but is limited by positive nodal status. We aimed to investigate the predictors of lymph node metastasis (LNM) in patients with Siewert type II T1 AEG.

Methods: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was used to identify eligible patients with Siewert type II T1 AEG. The prevalence of LNM was assessed. Logistic regression analysis with multivariable adjustment was used to determine predictors of LNM. We also performed Cox regression analysis to examine the prognostic value of LNM, which was further confirmed by competing risk analysis and cumulative incidence function (CIF).

Results: In total, 2651 patients with T1 AEG were included, with a median age of 69 years and a median follow-up of 28 months. The overall prevalence of LNM was 17.2% in T1 AEG. When stratified by tumor invasion depth, the prevalence of LNM was 8.5% for intramucosal tumors and 22.6% for submucosal tumors. Adjusted logistic regression analysis showed that age, sex, tumor grade, tumor size and tumor infiltration depth were independent predictors of LNM in T1 AEG. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that positive nodal status was significantly associated with worse overall survival and cancer-specific survival (CSS). Subgroup analysis consistently demonstrated that patients with LNM had significantly poorer CSS than those without LNM in most subgroups. Finally, the CIF was calculated, showing that patients with LNM had a significantly higher cancer-specific death rate than those without LNM.

Conclusions: This population-based study identified age, sex, tumor grade, tumor infiltration depth and tumor size as independent predictors of LNM in T1 AEG. Considering the high prevalence of LNM in T1 AEG, endoscopic resection for curative aims may only be introduced in patients without high risks of LNM.

Keywords: SEER; adenocarcinoma; esophagogastric junction; lymph node metastasis; predictor.

MeSH terms

Adenocarcinoma / mortality
Adenocarcinoma / pathology*
Age Factors
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Esophagogastric Junction / pathology*
Female
Humans
Lymphatic Metastasis / pathology*
Male
Middle Aged
Neoplasm Grading
Neoplasm Invasiveness
Neoplasm Staging
Prognosis
Regression Analysis
Retrospective Studies
Risk Factors
SEER Program
Sex Factors
Socioeconomic Factors
Stomach Neoplasms / mortality
Stomach Neoplasms / pathology*
Tumor Burden
United States