Effects on cardiometabolic risk factors after reduction of artificially sweetened beverage consumption in overweight subjects. A randomised controlled trial

Abstract

Background: The consumption of artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs) has been linked to metabolic alterations. The effect of reducing the regular consumption of these beverages on the metabolism is currently unknown.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of reducing consumption of ASBs on the metabolism in overweight young adults.

Design: A randomised, single-blind, controlled, 12-week, clinical trial was performed in overweight young adults who regularly consume ASBs. The 45 subjects who participated in the study were randomly divided into two groups: (1) control group (n=21) and (2) intervention group (no intake of ASBs, n=24). Body weight and composition, fasting plasma concentrations of glucose, triglycerides, insulin, cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins and high-density lipoproteins were measured at the beginning and end of the study. and the HOMA-IR was calculated.

Results: At the end of 12 weeks, the intervention group showed a significant decrease (as opposed to an increase in the control group) in the percentage of change in body weight (-1.22% vs 1.31%, p<0.004), body fat (-6.28% vs 6.15%, p<0.001) and insulin resistance index (-12.06 vs 38.21%, p<0.00002), as well as in levels of glucose (-4.26% vs 0.51%, p<0.05), triglycerides (-14.74% vs 19.90%, p<0.006), insulin (-8.02% vs 39.23%, p<0.00005), cholesterol (-8.71% vs 0.77%, p<0.01) and LDL (-9.46% vs 9.92%, p<0.004).

Conclusion: A reduction in habitual consumption of ASBs in overweight young adults decreases biochemical measurements, body weight and composition, suggesting a participation in the metabolic processes.

Keywords: Bebidas endulzadas artificialmente; Beverages; Edulcorantes no nutritivos; Glucose; Jóvenes adultos; Non-nutritive sweetener; Obesity; Overweight; Sobrepeso y obesidad.