α-Glucosidase Inhibition Action of Major Flavonoids Identified from Hypericum Attenuatum Choisy and Their Synergistic Effects

Chem Biodivers. 2021 Oct;18(10):e2100244. doi: 10.1002/cbdv.202100244. Epub 2021 Sep 17.

Abstract

Hypericum attenuatum Choisy is a traditional Chinese herbal plant with multiple therapeutic effects. In this study, bioactivity-guided fractionation of Hypericum attenuatum Choisy extracts afforded three major flavonoids (including astragalin, guaijaverin and quercetin), which possessed α-Glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 33.90±0.68 μM, 17.23±0.75 μM and 31.90±0.34 μM, respectively. Circular dichroism analysis revealed that all the three compounds could interact with α-glucosidase by inducing conformational changes of the enzyme. Molecular docking results indicated that they could bind to the active site in α-glucosidase, and the binding force was driven mainly by hydrogen bond. Additionally, isobolographic analysis of the interactions between two compounds showed that all the combinations presented a synergistic α-glucosidase inhibitory effect at lower concentrations, and the combination between quercetin and guaijaverin or astragalin exhibited the best synergistic effect. This research might provide a theoretical basis for the application of Hypericum attenuatum Choisy in treating hyperglycemia.

Keywords: Hypericum attenuatum; conformation; flavonoids; synergy; α-Glucosidase.

MeSH terms

  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Flavonoids / chemistry
  • Flavonoids / isolation & purification
  • Flavonoids / pharmacology*
  • Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors / chemistry
  • Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors / isolation & purification
  • Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Humans
  • Hypericum / chemistry*
  • Molecular Structure
  • Plant Extracts / chemistry
  • Plant Extracts / isolation & purification
  • Plant Extracts / pharmacology*
  • Thermodynamics
  • alpha-Glucosidases / metabolism*

Substances

  • Flavonoids
  • Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors
  • Plant Extracts
  • alpha-Glucosidases