Chidamide triggers BTG1-mediated autophagy and reverses the chemotherapy resistance in the relapsed/refractory B-cell lymphoma

Cell Death Dis. 2021 Oct 1;12(10):900. doi: 10.1038/s41419-021-04187-5.

Abstract

Rituximab/chemotherapy relapsed and refractory B cell lymphoma patients have a poor overall prognosis, and it is urgent to develop novel drugs for improving the therapy outcomes. Here, we examined the therapeutic effects of chidamide, a new histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, on the cell and mouse models of rituximab/chemotherapy resistant B-cell lymphoma. In Raji-4RH/RL-4RH cells, the rituximab/chemotherapy resistant B-cell lymphoma cell lines (RRCL), chidamide treatment induced growth inhibition and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest. The primary B-cell lymphoma cells from Rituximab/chemotherapy relapsed patients were sensitive to chidamide. Interestingly, chidamide triggered the cell death with the activation of autophagy in RRCLs, likely due to the lack of the pro-apoptotic proteins. Based on the RNA-seq and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analysis, we identified BTG1 and FOXO1 as chidamide target genes, which control the autophagy and the cell cycle, respectively. Moreover, the combination of chidamide with the chemotherapy drug cisplatin increased growth inhibition on the RRCL in a synergistic manner, and significantly reduced the tumor burden of a mouse lymphoma model established with engraftment of RRCL. Taken together, these results provide a theoretic and mechanistic basis for further evaluation of the chidamide-based treatment in rituximab/chemotherapy relapsed and refractory B-cell lymphoma patients.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aminopyridines / pharmacology
  • Aminopyridines / therapeutic use*
  • Animals
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Autophagosomes / drug effects
  • Autophagosomes / metabolism
  • Autophagosomes / ultrastructure
  • Autophagy* / drug effects
  • Benzamides / pharmacology
  • Benzamides / therapeutic use*
  • Cell Cycle Checkpoints / drug effects
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm* / drug effects
  • Drug Synergism
  • Forkhead Box Protein O1 / metabolism
  • Gene Expression Profiling
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Lymphoma, B-Cell / drug therapy*
  • Lymphoma, B-Cell / pathology
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Nude
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Proteins / metabolism*
  • Recurrence
  • Up-Regulation / drug effects
  • Up-Regulation / genetics

Substances

  • Aminopyridines
  • Benzamides
  • FOXO1 protein, human
  • Forkhead Box Protein O1
  • Neoplasm Proteins
  • BTG1 protein, human
  • N-(2-amino-5-fluorobenzyl)-4-(N-(pyridine-3-acrylyl)aminomethyl)benzamide